Programming concepts in C Language
C is a high lavel language. It is general as well as specific purpose language. It was developed at Bell laboratory, USA (now AT and T) in 1972, by Dennis Ritchie and Brian Kernighan.
Tokens
The smallest individual units are known as C Tokens.
C has six types of tokens:-
1. keywords
2. Identifiers
3. Constants
4. Operators
5. String
6. Special symbols
Keywords
All keywords are basically the sequences of characters that have one or more fixed meanings. All C keywords must be written in lowercase letters. e.g., break, char, int, continue, default, do etc.
Identifiers
Names given to the program elements such as variables, arrays and functions.
Identifiers are sequences of alphabets and digits e.g., main, amount, emp_id etc.
Constants
Fixed values that do not change during the execution of a C program.
Constants are divided into two types:-
1. Numeric constants :-
a. Integer constant
b. Real constant
2. Character constants :-
a. Single character constants
b. String constants
Constants classification used in C language
Backslash character constants are used in output functions. e.g., '\b' used for backspace and '\n' used for new line etc.